One note from the UN Conference on Climate Change (UNCCC) in Bali in December 2007 and is the desire of developing countries to obtain the transfer of environmentally sound technologies in order to follow the success of reducing emissions to prevent global warming. Developed countries are reluctant to grant the request on the grounds that the technology is in the business world that research investment has been protected with patents. Therefore, technology transfer business is business dealings with corporations that own it.
The question, now, anything that includes environmentally friendly technology, and really all of that business?
Environmentally friendly technologies (eco-friendly-technology) can be summarized as are all types of application technologies that can provide users with the satisfaction of environmental resources is lower. Before the ecological consciousness arises, people just think the economy. The technology applied is the cheapest of the economic angle, use of natural resources and human resources are cheap though from the point of ecology could be considered expensive. This is because economic systems are still rare rate environment with a reasonable price. For example, what is the oxygen that we breathe or the environmental value of our air with dangerous gas? A machine that suck up more oxygen for the same work, is more expensive ecologically, economically, although probably less expensive. This is because oxygen is reduced to be used by other creatures - including humans.
In general, environmentally friendly technologies are technologies that efficient environmental resources (including raw materials, energy and space), and therefore also a bit out of waste (whether solid, liquid, gas, noise or radiation) and lower risks of a disaster. We will see examples of this technology at the focus of national science and technology development:
Food
Most environmentally friendly consumption patterns are vegetarian. From the same plant material, if taken immediately, humans have seven times more nutrients than if the vegetable materials that are used for animal feed and meat consumption.
Modern kitchen low energy consumption (e.g. microwave oven) also should be more environmentally friendly. Similarly, CFC-free refrigerators. CFCs are ozone depleting substances in the atmosphere.
Food problem is also closely related to garbage. Food packaging is practical, durable and have advantages in marketing. But many are actually excessive packaging and not environmentally friendly.
Today was the biggest waste of the food sector. Waste processing technology, both in terms of segregation, recycling and destruction clearly is needed when the greater volume of waste. But of course be better if this waste can be avoided by changing patterns of food packaging to reuse the container. In this case, bioprocess technology to destroy the waste can be considered more environmentally friendly than chemical technology.
Biotechnology including highly expected to help find a pest-resistant seeds and drought on the same land to produce more food in less time. However, various transgenic manipulation alone would scare the emergence of new species in the long run it is not environmentally friendly.
Energy
Solar energy is energy that save for environment. Compared with the dryer, laundry drying in the sun it environmentally friendly, just need to be designed only practical clothesline and not make it look shabby. Similarly, heat water to bathe with water drying. If in large numbers and to be stored is necessary solar collector is equipped with a tank. The technology is simple and inexpensive, but it could save enough electricity or gas, especially for the world of hospitality.
With proper ventilation system, design the buildings we can save the lighting and air conditioning. Moreover, if we adjust the style of clothing. In Indonesia, this style of clothing which mimic the colonizers talkative: for official events we wear a coat and tie, then so as not to swelter, we set the air conditioner “cold pole”, as if we maintain a penguin in there. We need to look in the mirror with our fellow colleagues tropical regions such as Thailand or the Philippines, which regulates employee uniforms of collared T-shirt!
In Germany and Japan which have high environmental awareness has been developed eco-house that integrates the various functions of the house to the max. The outer walls covered in vines. Solar panel-covered roof. The flow of water and air to think very carefully, for example, can be used to heating water bath and flushing wastes used feces. Septic-tank to produce methane gas that can be used to add energy to the kitchen.
In the past, nuclear energy was seen as environmentally friendly energy, because it produces no emissions. But this opinion has now changed. NPP leave nuclear material transportation problems and the final waste disposal sites which are very high risk for the environment.
What is now encouraged Biofuel technology with excellent micro-algae that have the potential to produce 58,000 liters of oil / hectare (10x oil). Unfortunately the technology is still stored the developed countries, while Indonesia’s tropical seas and lots of great potential to develop it.
Transportation
Most environmentally friendly means of transportation is a bicycle of course! Already developed a bike that is very efficient in terms of energy, and some even have solar panels to absorb solar energy. Such bicycles can be used to travel thousands of kilometers.
To load a little weight on flat terrain, rickshaws and carts actually also environmentally friendly. But for long distances and huge expense, of course, electric trains more environmentally friendly. Electricity can be generated centrally at the Central Water Power, Geothermal or the like. Public vehicles like buses are also more environmentally friendly than private cars. More friendly again if using battery power. In Switzerland has 20 years of use with battery-electric buses in the form of a small trailer, which if close to empty easily replaced with a full, waiting for an empty refilled.
For individual motorized transportation, electric cars more environmentally friendly than regular cars. The problem is, the capacity to store energy in batteries is still not as much as gasoline at the same weight. The optimal value of this new battery will be achieved when using fuel cell (fuel-cell), in which the energy stored in the separated water (electrolysis) into hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen-oxygen reaction will generate enormous energy to the waste back in the form of water. However, fuel cell technology is still very expensive (yet worth market).
Currently, a new electric car used restrictively at the airport or hospital. But some auto industry has launched a hybrid car (e.g. Toyota Prios), which moves by electricity and gasoline. When jammed, the electric engine works. At optimal speeds, the gasoline engine will take over. If slowed, the energy the gasoline engine is used to fill batteries.
At the simplest level, a lot of innovation can also be used in ordinary vehicles. For example, an additional tool that can be installed to optimize combustion. Car manufacturers are also vying to develop the “3-liter-cars” - cars with 3 liters of gasoline can travel a distance of 100 km.
In the sea were also developed modern ships more environmentally friendly, namely the use of machinery and mechanical screen at the same time! This screen can be developed automatically if the wind direction and speed profitable. The use of wind energy can save fuel by 50%.
Energy technology and environmentally friendly transport, including that currently protected by the industry’s most developed countries and therefore most expensive.
Information and Communication
Electronic communication is a very friendly environment if applied properly. Telecommunications will reduce transportation needs, means energy efficient. Information can also be distributed without the paper (paperless), thereby reducing the number of trees to be felled.
Technology recycled paper also includes the environmentally friendly efforts in the information sector. In this case, just waiting for the awareness of the publishers. If in Indonesia, the publishers actually compete using a white paper to impress lux, industrious developed abroad recycled paper. It is said to print the novel Harry Potter 7, to be developed 32 new types of recycled paper. Publishers in Canada using 100% recycled paper, while just 30% in America. These efforts have made the English edition of this novel saves logging nearly 200 thousand trees and 8 million pounds of greenhouse gases.
Conclusion
Thus, if there is a strong willingness, in fact many had to be done by the state or society of developing countries to make their country more environmentally friendly, without having to wait for the mercy of technology transfers or loans from developed countries, which are generally attributed some of the terms of political, nuanced terms of occupation.
The technology patented by the industry in developed countries too, after a 20-year patent to expire, and can be replicated and further developed by anyone. The scientists, researchers and engineers developing countries should be more proactive, creative and not surrender to the situation, or the fact that even proud to be an employee or just a cheap labor for industry of developed countries.
So it is not true if all business affairs. Issues of technology transfer is a matter of persistence developing countries to seize the technology and goodwill developed countries to share.
This entry was posted on Monday, September 27th, 2010 at 7:04 am and is filed under Technology Info. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.
